activin receptors การใช้

• ACVR1 encodes activin receptor type-1, a BMP type-1 receptor.
• It is thought that binding of myostatin to the soluble activin receptor prevents it from interacting with the cell-bound receptors.
• SMAD3 is recruited by SARA ( SMAD Anchor for Receptor Activation ) located in the cytosolic part of the TGF beta receptors and Activin receptors.
• Activin binds to the Type II receptor and initiates a cascade reaction that leads to the recruitment, phosphorylation, and activation of Type I activin receptor.
• A mutation in the gene for the activin receptor ACVR1 results in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, a fatal disease that causes muscle and soft tissue to gradually be replaced by bone tissue.
• The encoded protein, sometimes termed ALK1, shares similar domain structures with other closely related ALK or activin receptor-like kinase proteins that form a subfamily of receptor serine / threonine kinases.
• In contrast to activin, much less is known about the mechanism of action of inhibin, but may involve competing with activin for binding to activin receptors and / or binding to inhibin-specific receptors.
• GDF2 is also important for the maturation of BFCN . The physiological receptor of GDF2 is thought to be activin receptor-like kinase 1, ALK1 ( also called ACVRL1 ), an endothelial-specific type I receptor of the TGF-beta receptor family.
• Using dominant negative Activin receptors in " Xenopus " animal caps, it has been shown that FGF signaling is crucial for mesoderm formation through the activation of this and other TGF? family members ( 7, 22 ), and this process is mediated by the VegT-dependent transcription activation.